# 使用MicroPython基于RP2040开发板实现火焰传感器实时监测
# 实验目的
前段时间南京的一起电动车自燃事件造成了众多人员伤亡，引起了大家对电动车起电事件的关注，我觉得在电动车停放区安装一个火焰检测器应该是一个不错的选择，所以我就想到了使用MicroPython基于RP2040开发板实现火焰传感器实时监测。
# 实验接线图
如图所示：
GP14 接 Sensor 的 DO 脚 传火焰传感器插入PICO扩展板的两脚圆形插槽中，不区分正负极。
# 程序代码说明
./
├── flame_sensor.py # 火焰传感器实验代码
├── proverbs_25.py # TFT显示屏显示的文字
├── st7789py.py # 显示屏驱动程序
└── README.md # 说明文档
# flame_sensor.py
# －－－－鹿戴马物联一站式开发工具链－－－－
# 作者 : 科艺创想
# 时间 : 2024-02-20 22:11:25
# 文件 : flame_sensor.py
# 说明 : 火焰传感器实验
# =======================================================
from machine import Pin
from time import sleep
# 以下是基于板载TFT屏幕显示代码，如果没有板载TFT屏幕，请删除或注释掉以下代码
import st7789py as st7789
import proverbs_25 as font20
t = st7789.tft(font20)
# 以上是基于板载TFT屏幕显示代码，如果没有板载TFT屏幕，请删除或注释掉以上代码
makerobo_DO = 14 # 火焰传感器数字IO口
# 初始化工作
def makerobo_setup():
global flame_DO
flame_DO = Pin(makerobo_DO,Pin.IN) # 设置火焰传感器数字IO口为输入模式
# 打印信息，打印出火焰传感器的状态值
def makerobo_Print(x):
if x == 1: # 安全
print ('')
print (' *******************')
print (' * 环境安全~ *')
print (' *******************')
print ('')
# 以下是基于板载TFT屏幕显示代码，如果没有板载TFT屏幕，请删除或注释掉以下代码
t.fill(st7789.BLACK)
t.showtext('环境安全~', 5, 100, st7789.GREEN)
# 以上是基于板载TFT屏幕显示代码，如果没有板载TFT屏幕，请删除或注释掉以上代码
if x == 0: # 有火焰
print ('')
print (' ******************')
print (' * 发现火焰! *')
print (' ******************')
print ('')
# 以下是基于板载TFT屏幕显示代码，如果没有板载TFT屏幕，请删除或注释掉以下代码
t.fill(st7789.BLACK)
t.showtext('发现火焰!!!', 5, 100, st7789.RED)
# 以上是基于板载TFT屏幕显示代码，如果没有板载TFT屏幕，请删除或注释掉以上代码
# 循环函数
def makerobo_loop():
makerobo_status = 1 # 状态值
print ('开始检测环境...')
# 以下是基于板载TFT屏幕显示代码，如果没有板载TFT屏幕，请删除或注释掉以下代码
t.fill(st7789.BLACK)
t.showtext('环境监测中...', 5, 100, st7789.YELLOW)
# 以上是基于板载TFT屏幕显示代码，如果没有板载TFT屏幕，请删除或注释掉以上代码
# 无限循环
while True:
# 读取火焰传感器数字IO口
makerobo_tmp = flame_DO.value()
if makerobo_tmp != makerobo_status: # 判断状态发生改变
makerobo_Print(makerobo_tmp) # 打印出火焰传感器的提示信息
makerobo_status = makerobo_tmp # 当前状态值作为下次状态值进行比较，避免重复打印
sleep(0.2) # 延时200ms
# 程序入口
if __name__ == '__main__':
makerobo_setup() # 初始化
makerobo_loop() # 循环函数
# proverbs_25.py
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
# 鹿戴马字符转换工具生成的字体文件
# https://dev.16302.com/tools/#/fontconverter
MAP = "监测环境中.安全~发现火焰!"
BPP = 1
HEIGHT = 29
MAX_WIDTH = 38
_WIDTHS = \
b'\x25\x26\x25\x25\x25\x0a\x25\x25\x19\x25\x25\x25\x25\x0d'
OFFSET_WIDTH = 2
_OFFSETS = \
b'\x00\x00\x04\x31\x08\x7f\x0c\xb0\x10\xe1\x15\x12\x16\x34\x1a\x65'\
b'\x1e\x96\x21\x6b\x25\x9c\x29\xcd\x2d\xfe\x32\x2f'
_BITMAPS =\
b'\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x7f\x1f\xc0\x01\xfb\xf8\xfc\x00\x07\xdf'\
b'\xcf\xe0\x00\x7e\xfc\x7f\xff\x03\xf7\xe3\xff\xf8\x1f\xbf\x1f\xff'\
b'\xc0\xfd\xf9\xff\xfe\x07\xcf\xcf\xff\xf0\x3e\xfe\x7e\x00\x01\xf7'\
b'\xf7\xf7\xf0\x1f\xbf\x3f\xbf\x80\xfd\xf9\xf8\xfc\x07\xef\xcf\xc7'\
b'\xe0\x00\x7e\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x0f\xff\xff\xff\xc0\xff'\
b'\xff\xff\xfe\x07\xff\xff\xff\xf0\x3f\xff\xff\xff\x01\xfc\xf9\xf9'\
b'\xf8\x0f\xe7\xcf\xcf\xc0\x7f\x7e\x7e\x7e\x03\xfb\xf3\xf7\xf0\x1f'\
b'\x9f\x9f\xbf\x81\xfc\xfc\xf9\xfc\x1f\xff\xff\xff\xf0\xff\xff\xff'\
b'\xff\x8f\xff\xff\xff\xfc\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x0f\x9f\xff\x81\xf0'\
b'\x3e\x7f\xfe\x07\xc0\xf9\xff\xfb\xdf\x03\xe7\xff\xef\x7c\x0f\xbe'\
b'\x07\xbd\xf0\x3e\xf8\x3e\xef\xc0\xfb\xee\xfb\xbf\x00\x0f\xfb\xde'\
b'\xf8\x00\x3d\xef\x7b\xe0\x7c\xf7\xbd\xef\x81\xf3\xde\xf7\xbe\x07'\
b'\xdf\x7b\xde\xf8\x1f\x7d\xff\x77\xe0\x7d\xff\x7d\xdf\x81\xf7\xbd'\
b'\xef\x7c\x07\xde\xf7\xbd\xf0\x00\x7b\xde\xf7\xc0\x7d\xef\x7b\xdf'\
b'\x03\xef\x7d\xef\x7c\x0f\xbd\xfb\xbb\xf0\x3e\x0f\xe0\xef\xc1\xf8'\
b'\x7f\x80\x3e\x07\xc1\xff\x00\xf8\x1f\x0f\xfc\x03\xe0\xfc\x7c\xf8'\
b'\x0f\x83\xe1\xf3\xe0\x7e\x0f\x8f\x8f\xc3\xf8\x3e\x7e\x1f\x1f\xc0'\
b'\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\xff\xe7\xff\xff\x87\xff\x3f\xff\xfc\x7f\xf9'\
b'\xff\xff\xe3\xff\xcf\xff\xff\x03\xf0\x07\xe0\x00\x1f\x80\x3f\x00'\
b'\x01\xfc\x03\xf0\x00\x0f\xe0\x1f\x80\x00\x7f\x01\xfc\x00\x03\xf0'\
b'\x0f\xff\x80\x1f\x80\xff\xfc\x07\xff\x87\xff\xf0\x3f\xf8\x7f\xff'\
b'\x81\xff\xc3\xff\xfc\x0f\xfe\x3f\xff\xe0\x1f\xc1\xff\xff\x00\xfc'\
b'\x1f\xbf\xf8\x07\xe0\xff\xff\xc0\x3f\x0f\xdf\xff\x01\xf8\x7e\xfc'\
b'\xf8\x1f\xc7\xe7\xe7\xc0\xfe\x3f\x3f\x3e\x07\xff\xf1\xf9\xf0\xff'\
b'\xe0\x0f\xc0\x0f\xff\x00\xfe\x00\x7f\xe0\x07\xf0\x03\xc0\x00\x3f'\
b'\x00\x00\x00\x01\xf8\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x1f\xc0\x0f\xe0\x00'\
b'\x7e\x3f\xff\xfc\x03\xf1\xff\xff\xe0\x1f\x8f\xff\xff\x01\xf8\x00'\
b'\x00\x00\x0f\xc0\xfc\x7e\x00\x7e\x07\xe3\xf0\x03\xf1\xff\xff\xf0'\
b'\x1f\x8f\xff\xff\x87\xff\x7f\xff\xfc\x3f\xf8\x00\x00\x01\xff\xdf'\
b'\xff\xfe\x0f\xfe\xff\xff\xf0\x1f\x87\xff\xff\x80\xfc\x3f\x01\xf8'\
b'\x07\xe1\xff\xff\xc0\x3f\x0f\xff\xfe\x01\xf8\xfc\x03\xf0\x0f\x87'\
b'\xff\xff\x80\xfc\x3f\xff\xfc\x07\xe1\xff\xff\xc0\x3f\xc3\xfb\xf0'\
b'\x01\xfe\x1f\x9f\x80\x7f\xf1\xf8\xfc\x03\xff\x9f\xc7\xe2\x1f\xf0'\
b'\xfc\x3f\xe0\xf0\x0f\xe1\xff\x00\x00\x7e\x0f\xf8\x00\x00\xff\x80'\
b'\x00\x00\x03\xfc\x00\x00\x00\x1f\xe0\x00\x00\x00\xfe\x00\x00\x00'\
b'\x07\xf0\x00\x00\x00\x3f\x80\x00\x3f\xff\xff\xff\xc1\xff\xff\xff'\
b'\xfe\x0f\xff\xff\xff\xf0\x7f\xff\xff\xff\x83\xf8\x3f\x83\xfc\x1f'\
b'\xc1\xfc\x1f\xe1\xfe\x0f\xe0\xfe\x0f\xf0\xff\x07\xf0\x7f\x87\xf8'\
b'\x7f\x83\xff\xff\xff\xfc\x1f\xff\xff\xff\xe0\xff\xff\xff\xff\x07'\
b'\xff\xff\xff\xf8\x00\x03\xf8\x00\x00\x00\x3f\xc0\x00\x00\x01\xfe'\
b'\x00\x00\x00\x0f\xf0\x00\x00\x00\x7f\x80\x00\x00\x03\xf8\x00\x00'\
b'\x00\x1f\xc0\x00\x00\x00\xfe\x00\x00\x00\x0f\xf0\x00\x00\x00\x7f'\
b'\x80\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00'\
b'\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x3f'\
b'\x0f\xc3\xf0\xfc\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x7f\xc0\x00'\
b'\x00\x01\xfc\x00\x00\xff\xff\xff\xfe\x0f\xff\xff\xff\xf0\x7f\xff'\
b'\xff\xff\x83\xff\xff\xff\xfc\x1f\xe0\x00\x1f\xe0\xff\x00\x01\xff'\
b'\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x07\xe0\x00\xfc\x00\x7f\x00\x0f\xe0\x1f\xff'\
b'\xff\xff\xe0\xff\xff\xff\xff\x07\xff\xff\xff\xf8\x3f\xff\xff\xff'\
b'\xc0\x3f\x80\x07\xf0\x01\xfc\x00\x3f\x00\x1f\xf0\x07\xf8\x00\xff'\
b'\xe1\xff\xc0\x03\xff\xff\xfc\x00\x07\xff\xff\x80\x00\x1f\xff\xf0'\
b'\x00\x00\x3f\xfe\x00\x00\x03\xff\xf8\x00\x00\x7f\xff\xf0\x00\x0f'\
b'\xff\xff\xe0\x03\xff\xe3\xff\xc0\x7f\xf8\x07\xff\x80\x00\x7f\xff'\
b'\xc0\x00\x03\xff\xfe\x00\x00\x3f\xff\xf8\x00\x03\xff\xff\xc0\x00'\
b'\x3f\xc0\x7f\x00\x01\xfc\x03\xfc\x00\x1f\xc0\x0f\xe0\x01\xfe\x00'\
b'\x7f\x80\x1f\xe0\x01\xfc\x01\xfe\x00\x0f\xf0\x1f\xff\xff\xff\xc0'\
b'\xff\xff\xff\xfe\x0f\xff\xff\xff\xf8\x03\xff\xff\xf0\x00\x00\x3f'\
b'\xc0\x00\x00\x01\xfe\x00\x00\x00\x0f\xe0\x00\x00\xff\xff\xff\x80'\
b'\x07\xff\xff\xf8\x00\x3f\xff\xff\xc0\x01\xff\xff\xfe\x00\x00\x0f'\
b'\xf0\x00\x00\x00\x7f\x80\x00\x00\x03\xf8\x00\x00\x00\x1f\xc0\x00'\
b'\x1f\xff\xff\xff\xe0\xff\xff\xff\xff\x07\xff\xff\xff\xf8\x3f\xff'\
b'\xff\xff\xc0\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00'\
b'\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00'\
b'\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x08'\
b'\x00\x00\x3f\x80\x00\xff\xf0\x38\x7f\xff\xfc\x3f\xff\xfe\x1f\xff'\
b'\xff\x1c\x07\xff\x80\x00\x7c\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00'\
b'\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00'\
b'\x00\x00\x00\x00\x7f\x8f\xe0\x1f\xe7\xf8\x7f\x00\xfe\x3f\xc3\xf8'\
b'\x07\xf3\xfc\x1f\xc0\x7f\x1f\xc0\x00\x03\xf9\xfe\x00\x00\x1f\xff'\
b'\xff\xff\xc0\xff\xff\xff\xfe\x0f\xff\xff\xff\xf0\x7f\xff\xff\xff'\
b'\x80\x07\xf8\x00\x00\x00\x3f\xff\xff\x00\x03\xff\xff\xf8\x00\x1f'\
b'\xff\xff\xc0\x01\xfc\x00\xfe\x00\x1f\xfe\x07\xf0\x00\xff\xf0\x3f'\
b'\x80\x0f\xff\xc7\xf8\x00\x7f\xff\xff\x80\x07\xf3\xff\xf8\x00\x7f'\
b'\x87\xff\x00\x03\xf8\x1f\xf0\x00\x3f\xc1\xff\x80\x01\xfc\x1f\xff'\
b'\x00\x1f\xe3\xff\xfc\x01\xfe\x3f\xcf\xf0\x0f\xe3\xfc\x3f\xc0\xff'\
b'\x7f\xc0\xff\x80\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x1f\xfd\xff'\
b'\xff\xc1\xff\xef\xff\xfe\x0f\xff\x7f\xff\xf0\x0f\xc3\xf0\x1f\x80'\
b'\x7e\x1f\x00\xf8\x07\xf0\xfb\xff\xc0\x3f\x8f\xdf\xfe\x01\xfc\x7d'\
b'\xfb\xf0\x0f\xc3\xef\xdf\x80\x7e\x1f\x7c\xfc\x1f\xfc\xf7\xe7\xe0'\
b'\xff\xe7\xbe\x3e\x07\xff\x3b\xf1\xf0\x3f\xfb\xdf\x9f\x80\x7f\x1f'\
b'\xf8\xfc\x03\xf0\xef\xc7\xe0\x1f\x87\x7c\x3f\x00\xfc\x07\xe0\x00'\
b'\x07\xe0\x3f\x7e\x00\x7f\x03\xf3\xf0\x03\xfb\x1f\xbf\x00\x1f\xf9'\
b'\xf9\xf8\x03\xff\x8f\xcf\xc4\x3f\xfc\x7c\x7f\xe1\xff\x07\xe3\xff'\
b'\x0f\x00\x3f\x3f\xf8\x00\x03\xf1\xff\xc0\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00'\
b'\x3f\xc0\x00\x00\x00\xfe\x00\x00\x7f\x07\xf0\xff\x03\xf8\x7f\x83'\
b'\xf8\x1f\xc3\xfc\x3f\xc0\xfe\x1f\xe1\xfc\x07\xf0\xff\x0f\xe0\x3f'\
b'\x87\xf0\xff\x01\xfc\x3f\x87\xf0\x0f\xe1\xfc\x3f\x80\x7f\x1f\xe3'\
b'\xfc\x03\xf8\xff\x1f\xc0\x1f\xc7\xf8\xfe\x00\xfe\x7f\xef\xf0\x00'\
b'\x07\xff\x00\x00\x00\x7f\xfc\x00\x00\x07\xff\xf0\x00\x00\x7f\xff'\
b'\xc0\x00\x07\xff\xfe\x00\x00\x7f\xcf\xf8\x00\x07\xfc\x3f\xe0\x00'\
b'\x7f\xc0\xff\x00\x07\xfc\x07\xfc\x00\x3f\xc0\x1f\xf0\x03\xfc\x00'\
b'\x7f\xc0\x3f\xc0\x01\xfe\x03\xfc\x00\x0f\xf8\x3f\xc0\x00\x3f\xe0'\
b'\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x3e\x01\xfc\x00\x01\xf0\x0f\xc0\x00\x0f\x80'\
b'\xff\xff\xc3\x7d\xc7\xff\xfe\x1b\xee\x7f\xff\xf1\xdf\x63\xff\xff'\
b'\x0e\xf7\x3f\x81\xf8\x77\xb9\xf8\x0f\x83\xfd\xdf\xc0\xf8\x1f\xee'\
b'\x00\x00\x00\xff\x70\x1c\x00\x07\xff\x3f\xe7\xfc\x37\xf9\xff\x3f'\
b'\xe3\xbf\xcf\xf9\xff\x1f\xfe\xff\x81\xf0\x1f\x87\xe0\x1f\x81\xfc'\
b'\x3f\x00\xfc\x0f\xe1\xf8\x07\xe0\x7f\x0f\xf9\xff\x07\xf8\x7f\xcf'\
b'\xf8\x3f\xe3\xfc\x7f\xc1\xff\x3f\x80\x7c\x1f\x79\xf8\x07\xe0\xfb'\
b'\xcf\xc0\x3f\x0f\x9e\x7e\x01\xf8\x7c\xf3\xff\xff\xc3\xc7\xdf\xff'\
b'\xfe\x3e\x3e\xff\xff\xf0\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\xfc\x07\xe0'\
b'\x3f\x03\xf8\x1f\x80\xfc\x07\xe0\x3f\x01\xf8\x0f\xc0\xfe\x07\xe0'\
b'\x3f\x01\xf8\x0f\xc0\x7e\x03\xf0\x00\x00\x00\x0f\xc0\x7e\x03\xf0'\
b'\x1f\x80\x00\x00\x00'
WIDTHS = memoryview(_WIDTHS)
OFFSETS = memoryview(_OFFSETS)
BITMAPS = memoryview(_BITMAPS)
# st7789py.py
from math import sin, cos
#
# This allows sphinx to build the docs
#
try:
from time import sleep_ms
except ImportError:
sleep_ms = lambda ms: None
uint = int
const = lambda x: x
class micropython:
@staticmethod
def viper(func):
return func
@staticmethod
def native(func):
return func
#
# If you don't need to build the docs, you can remove all of the lines between
# here and the comment above except for the "from time import sleep_ms" line.
#
import struct
# ST7789 commands
_ST7789_SWRESET = b"\x01"
_ST7789_SLPIN = b"\x10"
_ST7789_SLPOUT = b"\x11"
_ST7789_NORON = b"\x13"
_ST7789_INVOFF = b"\x20"
_ST7789_INVON = b"\x21"
_ST7789_DISPOFF = b"\x28"
_ST7789_DISPON = b"\x29"
_ST7789_CASET = b"\x2a"
_ST7789_RASET = b"\x2b"
_ST7789_RAMWR = b"\x2c"
_ST7789_VSCRDEF = b"\x33"
_ST7789_COLMOD = b"\x3a"
_ST7789_MADCTL = b"\x36"
_ST7789_VSCSAD = b"\x37"
_ST7789_RAMCTL = b"\xb0"
# MADCTL bits
_ST7789_MADCTL_MY = const(0x80)
_ST7789_MADCTL_MX = const(0x40)
_ST7789_MADCTL_MV = const(0x20)
_ST7789_MADCTL_ML = const(0x10)
_ST7789_MADCTL_BGR = const(0x08)
_ST7789_MADCTL_MH = const(0x04)
_ST7789_MADCTL_RGB = const(0x00)
RGB = 0x00
BGR = 0x08
# Color modes
_COLOR_MODE_65K = const(0x50)
_COLOR_MODE_262K = const(0x60)
_COLOR_MODE_12BIT = const(0x03)
_COLOR_MODE_16BIT = const(0x05)
_COLOR_MODE_18BIT = const(0x06)
_COLOR_MODE_16M = const(0x07)
# Color definitions
BLACK = const(0x0000)
BLUE = const(0x001F)
RED = const(0xF800)
GREEN = const(0x07E0)
CYAN = const(0x07FF)
MAGENTA = const(0xF81F)
YELLOW = const(0xFFE0)
WHITE = const(0xFFFF)
_ENCODE_PIXEL = const(">H")
_ENCODE_PIXEL_SWAPPED = const("<H")
_ENCODE_POS = const(">HH")
_ENCODE_POS_16 = const("<HH")
# must be at least 128 for 8 bit wide fonts
# must be at least 256 for 16 bit wide fonts
_BUFFER_SIZE = const(256)
_BIT7 = const(0x80)
_BIT6 = const(0x40)
_BIT5 = const(0x20)
_BIT4 = const(0x10)
_BIT3 = const(0x08)
_BIT2 = const(0x04)
_BIT1 = const(0x02)
_BIT0 = const(0x01)
# fmt: off
# Rotation tables
# (madctl, width, height, xstart, ystart, needs_swap)[rotation % 4]
_DISPLAY_240x320 = (
(0x00, 240, 320, 0, 0, False),
(0x60, 320, 240, 0, 0, False),
(0xc0, 240, 320, 0, 0, False),
(0xa0, 320, 240, 0, 0, False))
_DISPLAY_240x240 = (
(0x00, 240, 240, 0, 0, False),
(0x60, 240, 240, 0, 0, False),
(0xc0, 240, 240, 0, 80, False),
(0xa0, 240, 240, 80, 0, False))
_DISPLAY_135x240 = (
(0x00, 135, 240, 52, 40, False),
(0x60, 240, 135, 40, 53, False),
(0xc0, 135, 240, 53, 40, False),
(0xa0, 240, 135, 40, 52, False))
_DISPLAY_128x128 = (
(0x00, 128, 128, 2, 1, False),
(0x60, 128, 128, 1, 2, False),
(0xc0, 128, 128, 2, 1, False),
(0xa0, 128, 128, 1, 2, False))
# index values into rotation table
_WIDTH = const(0)
_HEIGHT = const(1)
_XSTART = const(2)
_YSTART = const(3)
_NEEDS_SWAP = const(4)
# Supported displays (physical width, physical height, rotation table)
_SUPPORTED_DISPLAYS = (
(240, 320, _DISPLAY_240x320),
(240, 240, _DISPLAY_240x240),
(135, 240, _DISPLAY_135x240),
(128, 128, _DISPLAY_128x128))
# init tuple format (b'command', b'data', delay_ms)
_ST7789_INIT_CMDS = (
( b'\x11', b'\x00', 120), # Exit sleep mode
( b'\x13', b'\x00', 0), # Turn on the display
( b'\xb6', b'\x0a\x82', 0), # Set display function control
( b'\x3a', b'\x55', 10), # Set pixel format to 16 bits per pixel (RGB565)
( b'\xb2', b'\x0c\x0c\x00\x33\x33', 0), # Set porch control
( b'\xb7', b'\x35', 0), # Set gate control
( b'\xbb', b'\x28', 0), # Set VCOMS setting
( b'\xc0', b'\x0c', 0), # Set power control 1
( b'\xc2', b'\x01\xff', 0), # Set power control 2
( b'\xc3', b'\x10', 0), # Set power control 3
( b'\xc4', b'\x20', 0), # Set power control 4
( b'\xc6', b'\x0f', 0), # Set VCOM control 1
( b'\xd0', b'\xa4\xa1', 0), # Set power control A
# Set gamma curve positive polarity
( b'\xe0', b'\xd0\x00\x02\x07\x0a\x28\x32\x44\x42\x06\x0e\x12\x14\x17', 0),
# Set gamma curve negative polarity
( b'\xe1', b'\xd0\x00\x02\x07\x0a\x28\x31\x54\x47\x0e\x1c\x17\x1b\x1e', 0),
( b'\x21', b'\x00', 0), # Enable display inversion
( b'\x29', b'\x00', 120) # Turn on the display
)
# fmt: on
def color565(red, green=0, blue=0):
"""
Convert red, green and blue values (0-255) into a 16-bit 565 encoding.
"""
if isinstance(red, (tuple, list)):
red, green, blue = red[:3]
return (red & 0xF8) << 8 | (green & 0xFC) << 3 | blue >> 3
class ST7789:
"""
ST7789 driver class
Args:
spi (spi): spi object **Required**
width (int): display width **Required**
height (int): display height **Required**
reset (pin): reset pin
dc (pin): dc pin **Required**
cs (pin): cs pin
backlight(pin): backlight pin
rotation (int):
- 0-Portrait
- 1-Landscape
- 2-Inverted Portrait
- 3-Inverted Landscape
color_order (int):
- RGB: Red, Green Blue, default
- BGR: Blue, Green, Red
custom_init (tuple): custom initialization commands
- ((b'command', b'data', delay_ms), ...)
custom_rotations (tuple): custom rotation definitions
- ((width, height, xstart, ystart, madctl, needs_swap), ...)
"""
def __init__(
self,
spi,
width,
height,
reset=None,
dc=None,
cs=None,
backlight=None,
rotation=0,
color_order=BGR,
custom_init=None,
custom_rotations=None,
):
"""
Initialize display.
"""
self.rotations = custom_rotations or self._find_rotations(width, height)
if not self.rotations:
supported_displays = ", ".join(
[f"{display[0]}x{display[1]}" for display in _SUPPORTED_DISPLAYS]
)
raise ValueError(
f"Unsupported {width}x{height} display. Supported displays: {supported_displays}"
)
if dc is None:
raise ValueError("dc pin is required.")
self.physical_width = self.width = width
self.physical_height = self.height = height
self.xstart = 0
self.ystart = 0
self.spi = spi
self.reset = reset
self.dc = dc
self.cs = cs
self.backlight = backlight
self._rotation = rotation % 4
self.color_order = color_order
self.init_cmds = custom_init or _ST7789_INIT_CMDS
self.hard_reset()
# yes, twice, once is not always enough
self.init(self.init_cmds)
self.init(self.init_cmds)
self.rotation(self._rotation)
self.needs_swap = False
self.fill(0x0)
if backlight is not None:
backlight.value(1)
@staticmethod
def _find_rotations(width, height):
for display in _SUPPORTED_DISPLAYS:
if display[0] == width and display[1] == height:
return display[2]
return None
def init(self, commands):
"""
Initialize display.
"""
for command, data, delay in commands:
self._write(command, data)
sleep_ms(delay)
def _write(self, command=None, data=None):
"""SPI write to the device: commands and data."""
if self.cs:
self.cs.off()
if command is not None:
self.dc.off()
self.spi.write(command)
if data is not None:
self.dc.on()
self.spi.write(data)
if self.cs:
self.cs.on()
def hard_reset(self):
"""
Hard reset display.
"""
if self.cs:
self.cs.off()
if self.reset:
self.reset.on()
sleep_ms(10)
if self.reset:
self.reset.off()
sleep_ms(10)
if self.reset:
self.reset.on()
sleep_ms(120)
if self.cs:
self.cs.on()
def soft_reset(self):
"""
Soft reset display.
"""
self._write(_ST7789_SWRESET)
sleep_ms(150)
def sleep_mode(self, value):
"""
Enable or disable display sleep mode.
Args:
value (bool): if True enable sleep mode. if False disable sleep
mode
"""
if value:
self._write(_ST7789_SLPIN)
else:
self._write(_ST7789_SLPOUT)
def inversion_mode(self, value):
"""
Enable or disable display inversion mode.
Args:
value (bool): if True enable inversion mode. if False disable
inversion mode
"""
if value:
self._write(_ST7789_INVON)
else:
self._write(_ST7789_INVOFF)
def rotation(self, rotation):
"""
Set display rotation.
Args:
rotation (int):
- 0-Portrait
- 1-Landscape
- 2-Inverted Portrait
- 3-Inverted Landscape
custom_rotations can have any number of rotations
"""
rotation %= len(self.rotations)
self._rotation = rotation
(
madctl,
self.width,
self.height,
self.xstart,
self.ystart,
self.needs_swap,
) = self.rotations[rotation]
if self.color_order == BGR:
madctl |= _ST7789_MADCTL_BGR
else:
madctl &= ~_ST7789_MADCTL_BGR
self._write(_ST7789_MADCTL, bytes([madctl]))
def _set_window(self, x0, y0, x1, y1):
"""
Set window to column and row address.
Args:
x0 (int): column start address
y0 (int): row start address
x1 (int): column end address
y1 (int): row end address
"""
if x0 <= x1 <= self.width and y0 <= y1 <= self.height:
self._write(
_ST7789_CASET,
struct.pack(_ENCODE_POS, x0 + self.xstart, x1 + self.xstart),
)
self._write(
_ST7789_RASET,
struct.pack(_ENCODE_POS, y0 + self.ystart, y1 + self.ystart),
)
self._write(_ST7789_RAMWR)
def vline(self, x, y, length, color):
"""
Draw vertical line at the given location and color.
Args:
x (int): x coordinate
Y (int): y coordinate
length (int): length of line
color (int): 565 encoded color
"""
self.fill_rect(x, y, 1, length, color)
def hline(self, x, y, length, color):
"""
Draw horizontal line at the given location and color.
Args:
x (int): x coordinate
Y (int): y coordinate
length (int): length of line
color (int): 565 encoded color
"""
self.fill_rect(x, y, length, 1, color)
def pixel(self, x, y, color):
"""
Draw a pixel at the given location and color.
Args:
x (int): x coordinate
Y (int): y coordinate
color (int): 565 encoded color
"""
self._set_window(x, y, x, y)
self._write(
None,
struct.pack(
_ENCODE_PIXEL_SWAPPED if self.needs_swap else _ENCODE_PIXEL, color
),
)
def blit_buffer(self, buffer, x, y, width, height):
"""
Copy buffer to display at the given location.
Args:
buffer (bytes): Data to copy to display
x (int): Top left corner x coordinate
Y (int): Top left corner y coordinate
width (int): Width
height (int): Height
"""
self._set_window(x, y, x + width - 1, y + height - 1)
self._write(None, buffer)
def rect(self, x, y, w, h, color):
"""
Draw a rectangle at the given location, size and color.
Args:
x (int): Top left corner x coordinate
y (int): Top left corner y coordinate
width (int): Width in pixels
height (int): Height in pixels
color (int): 565 encoded color
"""
self.hline(x, y, w, color)
self.vline(x, y, h, color)
self.vline(x + w - 1, y, h, color)
self.hline(x, y + h - 1, w, color)
def fill_rect(self, x, y, width, height, color):
"""
Draw a rectangle at the given location, size and filled with color.
Args:
x (int): Top left corner x coordinate
y (int): Top left corner y coordinate
width (int): Width in pixels
height (int): Height in pixels
color (int): 565 encoded color
"""
self._set_window(x, y, x + width - 1, y + height - 1)
chunks, rest = divmod(width * height, _BUFFER_SIZE)
pixel = struct.pack(
_ENCODE_PIXEL_SWAPPED if self.needs_swap else _ENCODE_PIXEL, color
)
self.dc.on()
if chunks:
data = pixel * _BUFFER_SIZE
for _ in range(chunks):
self._write(None, data)
if rest:
self._write(None, pixel * rest)
def fill(self, color):
"""
Fill the entire FrameBuffer with the specified color.
Args:
color (int): 565 encoded color
"""
self.fill_rect(0, 0, self.width, self.height, color)
def line(self, x0, y0, x1, y1, color):
"""
Draw a single pixel wide line starting at x0, y0 and ending at x1, y1.
Args:
x0 (int): Start point x coordinate
y0 (int): Start point y coordinate
x1 (int): End point x coordinate
y1 (int): End point y coordinate
color (int): 565 encoded color
"""
steep = abs(y1 - y0) > abs(x1 - x0)
if steep:
x0, y0 = y0, x0
x1, y1 = y1, x1
if x0 > x1:
x0, x1 = x1, x0
y0, y1 = y1, y0
dx = x1 - x0
dy = abs(y1 - y0)
err = dx // 2
ystep = 1 if y0 < y1 else -1
while x0 <= x1:
if steep:
self.pixel(y0, x0, color)
else:
self.pixel(x0, y0, color)
err -= dy
if err < 0:
y0 += ystep
err += dx
x0 += 1
def vscrdef(self, tfa, vsa, bfa):
"""
Set Vertical Scrolling Definition.
To scroll a 135x240 display these values should be 40, 240, 40.
There are 40 lines above the display that are not shown followed by
240 lines that are shown followed by 40 more lines that are not shown.
You could write to these areas off display and scroll them into view by
changing the TFA, VSA and BFA values.
Args:
tfa (int): Top Fixed Area
vsa (int): Vertical Scrolling Area
bfa (int): Bottom Fixed Area
"""
self._write(_ST7789_VSCRDEF, struct.pack(">HHH", tfa, vsa, bfa))
def vscsad(self, vssa):
"""
Set Vertical Scroll Start Address of RAM.
Defines which line in the Frame Memory will be written as the first
line after the last line of the Top Fixed Area on the display
Example:
for line in range(40, 280, 1):
tft.vscsad(line)
utime.sleep(0.01)
Args:
vssa (int): Vertical Scrolling Start Address
"""
self._write(_ST7789_VSCSAD, struct.pack(">H", vssa))
@micropython.viper
@staticmethod
def _pack8(glyphs, idx: uint, fg_color: uint, bg_color: uint):
buffer = bytearray(128)
bitmap = ptr16(buffer)
glyph = ptr8(glyphs)
for i in range(0, 64, 8):
byte = glyph[idx]
bitmap[i] = fg_color if byte & _BIT7 else bg_color
bitmap[i + 1] = fg_color if byte & _BIT6 else bg_color
bitmap[i + 2] = fg_color if byte & _BIT5 else bg_color
bitmap[i + 3] = fg_color if byte & _BIT4 else bg_color
bitmap[i + 4] = fg_color if byte & _BIT3 else bg_color
bitmap[i + 5] = fg_color if byte & _BIT2 else bg_color
bitmap[i + 6] = fg_color if byte & _BIT1 else bg_color
bitmap[i + 7] = fg_color if byte & _BIT0 else bg_color
idx += 1
return buffer
@micropython.viper
@staticmethod
def _pack16(glyphs, idx: uint, fg_color: uint, bg_color: uint):
"""
Pack a character into a byte array.
Args:
char (str): character to pack
Returns:
128 bytes: character bitmap in color565 format
"""
buffer = bytearray(256)
bitmap = ptr16(buffer)
glyph = ptr8(glyphs)
for i in range(0, 128, 16):
byte = glyph[idx]
bitmap[i] = fg_color if byte & _BIT7 else bg_color
bitmap[i + 1] = fg_color if byte & _BIT6 else bg_color
bitmap[i + 2] = fg_color if byte & _BIT5 else bg_color
bitmap[i + 3] = fg_color if byte & _BIT4 else bg_color
bitmap[i + 4] = fg_color if byte & _BIT3 else bg_color
bitmap[i + 5] = fg_color if byte & _BIT2 else bg_color
bitmap[i + 6] = fg_color if byte & _BIT1 else bg_color
bitmap[i + 7] = fg_color if byte & _BIT0 else bg_color
idx += 1
byte = glyph[idx]
bitmap[i + 8] = fg_color if byte & _BIT7 else bg_color
bitmap[i + 9] = fg_color if byte & _BIT6 else bg_color
bitmap[i + 10] = fg_color if byte & _BIT5 else bg_color
bitmap[i + 11] = fg_color if byte & _BIT4 else bg_color
bitmap[i + 12] = fg_color if byte & _BIT3 else bg_color
bitmap[i + 13] = fg_color if byte & _BIT2 else bg_color
bitmap[i + 14] = fg_color if byte & _BIT1 else bg_color
bitmap[i + 15] = fg_color if byte & _BIT0 else bg_color
idx += 1
return buffer
def _text8(self, font, text, x0, y0, fg_color=WHITE, bg_color=BLACK):
"""
Internal method to write characters with width of 8 and
heights of 8 or 16.
Args:
font (module): font module to use
text (str): text to write
x0 (int): column to start drawing at
y0 (int): row to start drawing at
color (int): 565 encoded color to use for characters
background (int): 565 encoded color to use for background
"""
for char in text:
ch = ord(char)
if (
font.FIRST <= ch < font.LAST
and x0 + font.WIDTH <= self.width
and y0 + font.HEIGHT <= self.height
):
if font.HEIGHT == 8:
passes = 1
size = 8
each = 0
else:
passes = 2
size = 16
each = 8
for line in range(passes):
idx = (ch - font.FIRST) * size + (each * line)
buffer = self._pack8(font.FONT, idx, fg_color, bg_color)
self.blit_buffer(buffer, x0, y0 + 8 * line, 8, 8)
x0 += 8
def _text16(self, font, text, x0, y0, fg_color=WHITE, bg_color=BLACK):
"""
Internal method to draw characters with width of 16 and heights of 16
or 32.
Args:
font (module): font module to use
text (str): text to write
x0 (int): column to start drawing at
y0 (int): row to start drawing at
color (int): 565 encoded color to use for characters
background (int): 565 encoded color to use for background
"""
for char in text:
ch = ord(char)
if (
font.FIRST <= ch < font.LAST
and x0 + font.WIDTH <= self.width
and y0 + font.HEIGHT <= self.height
):
each = 16
if font.HEIGHT == 16:
passes = 2
size = 32
else:
passes = 4
size = 64
for line in range(passes):
idx = (ch - font.FIRST) * size + (each * line)
buffer = self._pack16(font.FONT, idx, fg_color, bg_color)
self.blit_buffer(buffer, x0, y0 + 8 * line, 16, 8)
x0 += 16
def text(self, font, text, x0, y0, color=WHITE, background=BLACK):
"""
Draw text on display in specified font and colors. 8 and 16 bit wide
fonts are supported.
Args:
font (module): font module to use.
text (str): text to write
x0 (int): column to start drawing at
y0 (int): row to start drawing at
color (int): 565 encoded color to use for characters
background (int): 565 encoded color to use for background
"""
fg_color = color if self.needs_swap else ((color << 8) & 0xFF00) | (color >> 8)
bg_color = (
background
if self.needs_swap
else ((background << 8) & 0xFF00) | (background >> 8)
)
if font.WIDTH == 8:
self._text8(font, text, x0, y0, fg_color, bg_color)
else:
self._text16(font, text, x0, y0, fg_color, bg_color)
def bitmap(self, bitmap, x, y, index=0):
"""
Draw a bitmap on display at the specified column and row
Args:
bitmap (bitmap_module): The module containing the bitmap to draw
x (int): column to start drawing at
y (int): row to start drawing at
index (int): Optional index of bitmap to draw from multiple bitmap
module
"""
width = bitmap.WIDTH
height = bitmap.HEIGHT
to_col = x + width - 1
to_row = y + height - 1
if self.width <= to_col or self.height <= to_row:
return
bitmap_size = height * width
buffer_len = bitmap_size * 2
bpp = bitmap.BPP
bs_bit = bpp * bitmap_size * index # if index > 0 else 0
palette = bitmap.PALETTE
needs_swap = self.needs_swap
buffer = bytearray(buffer_len)
for i in range(0, buffer_len, 2):
color_index = 0
for _ in range(bpp):
color_index = (color_index << 1) | (
(bitmap.BITMAP[bs_bit >> 3] >> (7 - (bs_bit & 7))) & 1
)
bs_bit += 1
color = palette[color_index]
if needs_swap:
buffer[i] = color & 0xFF
buffer[i + 1] = color >> 8
else:
buffer[i] = color >> 8
buffer[i + 1] = color & 0xFF
self._set_window(x, y, to_col, to_row)
self._write(None, buffer)
def pbitmap(self, bitmap, x, y, index=0):
"""
Draw a bitmap on display at the specified column and row one row at a time
Args:
bitmap (bitmap_module): The module containing the bitmap to draw
x (int): column to start drawing at
y (int): row to start drawing at
index (int): Optional index of bitmap to draw from multiple bitmap
module
"""
width = bitmap.WIDTH
height = bitmap.HEIGHT
bitmap_size = height * width
bpp = bitmap.BPP
bs_bit = bpp * bitmap_size * index # if index > 0 else 0
palette = bitmap.PALETTE
needs_swap = self.needs_swap
buffer = bytearray(bitmap.WIDTH * 2)
for row in range(height):
for col in range(width):
color_index = 0
for _ in range(bpp):
color_index <<= 1
color_index |= (
bitmap.BITMAP[bs_bit // 8] & 1 << (7 - (bs_bit % 8))
) > 0
bs_bit += 1
color = palette[color_index]
if needs_swap:
buffer[col * 2] = color & 0xFF
buffer[col * 2 + 1] = color >> 8 & 0xFF
else:
buffer[col * 2] = color >> 8 & 0xFF
buffer[col * 2 + 1] = color & 0xFF
to_col = x + width - 1
to_row = y + row
if self.width > to_col and self.height > to_row:
self._set_window(x, y + row, to_col, to_row)
self._write(None, buffer)
def write(self, font, string, x, y, fg=WHITE, bg=BLACK):
"""
Write a string using a converted true-type font on the display starting
at the specified column and row
Args:
font (font): The module containing the converted true-type font
s (string): The string to write
x (int): column to start writing
y (int): row to start writing
fg (int): foreground color, optional, defaults to WHITE
bg (int): background color, optional, defaults to BLACK
"""
buffer_len = font.HEIGHT * font.MAX_WIDTH * 2
buffer = bytearray(buffer_len)
fg_hi = fg >> 8
fg_lo = fg & 0xFF
bg_hi = bg >> 8
bg_lo = bg & 0xFF
for character in string:
try:
char_index = font.MAP.index(character)
offset = char_index * font.OFFSET_WIDTH
bs_bit = font.OFFSETS[offset]
if font.OFFSET_WIDTH > 1:
bs_bit = (bs_bit << 8) + font.OFFSETS[offset + 1]
if font.OFFSET_WIDTH > 2:
bs_bit = (bs_bit << 8) + font.OFFSETS[offset + 2]
char_width = font.WIDTHS[char_index]
buffer_needed = char_width * font.HEIGHT * 2
for i in range(0, buffer_needed, 2):
if font.BITMAPS[bs_bit // 8] & 1 << (7 - (bs_bit % 8)) > 0:
buffer[i] = fg_hi
buffer[i + 1] = fg_lo
else:
buffer[i] = bg_hi
buffer[i + 1] = bg_lo
bs_bit += 1
to_col = x + char_width - 1
to_row = y + font.HEIGHT - 1
if self.width > to_col and self.height > to_row:
self._set_window(x, y, to_col, to_row)
self._write(None, buffer[:buffer_needed])
x += char_width
except ValueError:
pass
def write_width(self, font, string):
"""
Returns the width in pixels of the string if it was written with the
specified font
Args:
font (font): The module containing the converted true-type font
string (string): The string to measure
Returns:
int: The width of the string in pixels
"""
width = 0
for character in string:
try:
char_index = font.MAP.index(character)
width += font.WIDTHS[char_index]
except ValueError:
pass
return width
@micropython.native
def polygon(self, points, x, y, color, angle=0, center_x=0, center_y=0):
"""
Draw a polygon on the display.
Args:
points (list): List of points to draw.
x (int): X-coordinate of the polygon's position.
y (int): Y-coordinate of the polygon's position.
color (int): 565 encoded color.
angle (float): Rotation angle in radians (default: 0).
center_x (int): X-coordinate of the rotation center (default: 0).
center_y (int): Y-coordinate of the rotation center (default: 0).
Raises:
ValueError: If the polygon has less than 3 points.
"""
if len(points) < 3:
raise ValueError("Polygon must have at least 3 points.")
if angle:
cos_a = cos(angle)
sin_a = sin(angle)
rotated = [
(
x
+ center_x
+ int(
(point[0] - center_x) * cos_a - (point[1] - center_y) * sin_a
),
y
+ center_y
+ int(
(point[0] - center_x) * sin_a + (point[1] - center_y) * cos_a
),
)
for point in points
]
else:
rotated = [(x + int((point[0])), y + int((point[1]))) for point in points]
for i in range(1, len(rotated)):
self.line(
rotated[i - 1][0],
rotated[i - 1][1],
rotated[i][0],
rotated[i][1],
color,
)
# =============================================================================
# 以下是在原有的ST7789类基础上增加的一些功能,方便导入一个类就可以在屏幕上显示一些内容
# 系统默认有几种常用的颜色值：
# BLACK - 黑色，BLUE - 蓝色，RED - 红色，GREEN - 绿色，CYAN - 青色，MAGENTA - 洋红色，YELLOW - 黄色，WHITE - 白色
# 使用方法：
# import st7789py as st7789
# import proverbs_20 as font20
# t = st7789.tft(font20)
# t.showtext('Hello World!')
# =============================================================================
from machine import Pin, SPI
TFA = 40
BFA = 40
WIDE = 1
TALL = 0
SCROLL = 0 # orientation for scroll.py
FEATHERS = 1 # orientation for feathers.py
class tft(ST7789):
def __init__(self, defaulefonts):
spi0, blk, dc, res, rotation = self.config(WIDE)
blk.value(1) # 设置BLK高电平(点亮屏幕)
super().__init__(spi0, 240, 240, reset=res, cs=None, dc=dc, rotation=rotation)
self.fonts = defaulefonts # 默认字体
def config(self, rotation=0):
"""
配置开发板与屏幕的连接引脚
"""
blk = Pin(21, Pin.OUT) # 此处blk应屏幕BLK
dc = Pin(20, Pin.OUT) # 此处dc对应屏幕DC
res = Pin(17, Pin.OUT) # 此处res对应屏幕RST
sda = Pin(19, Pin.OUT) # 此处sda对应屏幕mosi
sck = Pin(18, Pin.OUT) # 此处sck对应屏幕SCK
spi0 = SPI(0, baudrate=50000000, phase = 0, polarity = 1, sck=sck, mosi=sda, miso=None)
return spi0, blk, dc, res, rotation
def showtext(self, text, x = 0, y = 0, color=WHITE, background=BLACK, fonts=None):
"""
在屏幕上显示文本
text - 要显示的文本
x - 文本显示的x坐标
y - 文本显示的y坐标
color - 文本的颜色(默认为白色)
background - 文本的背景颜色(默认为黑色)
fonts - 文本的字体(默认为None,即使用默认字体)
举例: tft.showtext('Hello World!', 0, 0)
"""
if fonts == None:
fonts = self.fonts
self.write(fonts, text, x, y, color, background)
# 实验结果
无火焰状态，显示屏显示“环境安全”
检测到火焰，显示屏显示“发现火焰”
